subjects - Does "Predicate" includes object, complement and modifiers?


I'm currently studying the "Sentence Structure" for the English language. I've found varied information in this regard.


Some sources says that the sentence consist of five components: Subject + Predicate + Object + Complement + Modifier


Some other sources say that it consist of only two components: Subject + Predicate.


Now, I'm confused, whether predicate actually includes the object, complement, and modifier in itself or not. If yes, why some sources mention them separately from the "Predicate"?



Answer



A sentence may have a subject and predicate, only:



I know.



The predicate 'know' does not include other elements, because that sentence needs no more. The statement is complete. Only if the sentence continues can we see object, complement, modifier.


A verb is called intransitive when it makes sense (like the verb know) without an object. That is why there is no object in the sentence "I know." Only a transitive takes an object (which may have modifiers).


Note there are even sentences with one word, like when grandma calls you.



Eat!



Then, we say that the subject 'You' is understood -- we know who she is addressing.


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