What is the difference between 'past' and 'present perfect;?




Are they here?


1) Yes. They arrived.


2) Yes. They have arrived.



I cannot understand what the difference is.


Of course I know 1) is 'past' and 2) is 'present perfect'


But in my country, 'Present perfect tense' is not exist.


So I cannot understand detail meaning between them.


My teacher told me that 'Present perfect tense' occurred in the past, but still related to present.


But I cannot figure out.


Here is another dialogue that I cannot understand.



Are you hungry?


1) I had lunch.


2) I have had lunch.



Please tell me the difference between them.


Thank you.




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