grammaticality - Can anyone tell me the name of these sentences?


I am a chinese student and one of my friend, a chinese, wrote sentences like this:


Just a little above me, he was fighting with all his might.


On the summit of the mountain, he cried with joy.


He was pretty certain that these sentences were correct but I am not so sure. I've heard sentences like His eyes bright, he talked vigorously or Her coat barely on her shoulder, she dashed out of her house, but I have never seen sentences like the ones my friend wrote, the ones with no subject in the front. Can anyone tell me the name of the sentences my friend wrote? And if possible, can you also tell me if the name of the sentences I wrote is verbless clause?


Thanks.




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