grammaticality - Definite article before scientific terms


I'm writing up my dissertation and I'm really confused where to use "the". Examples:



In this experiment, (the?) heat transfer coefficient was calculated, allowing to estimate (the?)frost thickness.



And:



Firstly, (the?) air properties are defined.



And:



As (the?) crystals grow in radius, the amount of air in (the?) ice is reduced, due to (the?) ice becoming more packed.



None of the nouns mentioned above have been used for the first time, so I rule out the use of "a".


Would appreciate any help.




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